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Articles

Study guides, historical commentary, and theological reflection on the Westminster Confession of Faith.

westminster confession
A starry night sky over rolling hills, representing the Westminster Confession's vision of God's sovereign providence over all of creation

Westminster on Providence: God's Sovereign Care Over All Things

Chapter V of the Westminster Confession addresses divine providence with precision and pastoral depth. Explore how the Reformed tradition understands God's governance of all things.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

June 22, 2026

Oil painting of a believer glorifying God and enjoying Him forever depicted as joyful worship in Westminster Reformed golden light

The Shorter Catechism's First Question: What Is the Chief End of Man?

The Westminster Shorter Catechism opens with the most famous question in Reformed catechetics: What is the chief end of man? The answer has shaped Christian formation for nearly four centuries.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

June 13, 2026

Oil painting of the juridical act of justification as a divine court pronouncing the believer righteous in golden Reformation light

Westminster Confession Chapter XI: Justification as a Legal Declaration

Chapter XI of the Westminster Confession defines justification as a forensic, declarative act of God. Understanding this legal framework is key to understanding how Reformed theology differs from Roman Catholic teaching.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

June 6, 2026

Oil painting of God's eternal decrees as divine light streaming from eternity into human history in Reformed theological style

The Westminster Confession on God's Eternal Decrees: Chapter III

Chapter III of the Westminster Confession addresses God's eternal decrees, including predestination. It is the most controversial chapter in the confession and the most carefully worded.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

May 30, 2026

Oil painting of an open Westminster Confession with scripture as the supreme authority depicted in golden scholarly candlelight

Chapter I of the Westminster Confession: Scripture as the Supreme Rule of Faith

Chapter I of the Westminster Confession is the most thorough statement on Scripture in any Reformation-era confession. It covers Scripture's necessity, canon, authority, perspicuity, and sufficiency.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

May 23, 2026

Oil painting of the Westminster Assembly of theologians gathered in Westminster Abbey debating the confession by candlelight

The Westminster Assembly: Who Wrote the Westminster Confession and Why

The Westminster Confession of 1646 was produced by an assembly of over 120 divines called by the English Parliament. Understanding who they were and why they met illuminates what the confession achieved.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

May 16, 2026

Reformed
Westminster Confession used by Presbyterian churches in contemporary worship

The Westminster Confession and Presbyterian Churches Today

Nearly four centuries after it was written, the Westminster Confession is still the doctrinal standard of dozens of Presbyterian denominations worldwide. Here is what that looks like in practice.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

May 9, 2026

Reformed
Westminster Confession open to chapter on assurance of salvation

Assurance of Salvation in the Westminster Confession: Can You Know You Are Saved?

Chapter 18 of the Westminster Confession addresses one of the most pastorally urgent questions in the Christian life: can believers know, in this life, that they are truly saved?

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

May 2, 2026

Reformed
Westminster Shorter Catechism open to Q1 — the chief end of man in Reformed theology

The Westminster Shorter Catechism: The Most Famous Question in Reformed Theology

Q. 1: What is the chief end of man? A: Man’s chief end is to glorify God, and to enjoy him forever. One hundred and seven questions that have formed the theological backbone of Presbyterian education for nearly four centuries.

Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

By Rev. C•D•F• Warrington, M.Div.

Ordained Minister, M.Div.

Date

April 25, 2026